Tape perforating machine



May 2, 1935. w. ACKERMAN TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 192910 Sheets-Sheet 1 iii #6 a3 a a /5 a INVEEIOR Y 'A TORYI May 28, 1935.

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TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1929 l0 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVE TORBY May 28, 1935. w. ACKERMAN 1 TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22,1929 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTERA May 28, 1935.

, w. ACKERMAN TAPE PERRORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1929 l0vSheets-Sheet 4 mv NTOR- BY M W. ACKERMAN TAPE PERFORM'ING MACHINE May28, 1935.

10 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR BY WM ATTO Filed March 22, 1929 RN EYS May28, 1935. w. ACKERMAN TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1929 10Sheets-Sheet "I INVEN TOR t 1% 4 TLMN LE Wmmm M? y 19357 w. ACKERMAN2,002,516

' TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1929 10 SheetsSheet 7INVENTOR ,dr flag ATTORNEYS May 28, 1935. w ACKERMAN 2,002,516

TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1929 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 ATT NEYIy 1935. w. ACKERMAN 2,002,516

TAPE PERFORATING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1929 10 Sheets-Sheet 1o MINfiNTOR Patented May 28, 1935s PATENT OFFICE TAPE PERFORATDNG MACHINEWilliam Ackermam Towners, N. Y., assignor to Mergenthaler LinotypeCompany, a corporation of New York Application March 22,

2 Claims.

This invention is directed to an improved machine for producingperforated tapes adapted to control the release of matrices and spacersof typographical composing machines, such as linotype machines of thegeneral organization represented in U. S. Letters Patent to O.Mergenthaler No. 436,532. In these latter machines, the matrices andspacers, after being released from their respective magazines by theoperation of power-actuated escapement devices, are composed in line andthen presented to the justifying and casting devices for. the productionof a slug or linotype bearing on its edge a justified line of printingcharacters. When the machines are operated by a perforated tape, thesymbols produced in the tape automatically control the operation of thepower-actuated escapement devices, each symbol representing a particularmatrix or spacer which is to be released in composing a line, and thesymbols being disposed in groups or rows representative of thesuccessive lines to be composed or the printing slugs to. be casttherefrom.' As is well understood, the number of symbols in each groupor row must correspondto the number of matrices and spacers to be set upin the line represented by that particular group", and herein lies oneof the main dificulties in attempting to control the operation of alinotype machine by a perforated tape, it being obvious that the actualnumber of matrices and spacers which can be composed in a line of agiven length will depend upon the sizeor thickness of the matricescomprising the particular font in use. Bearing in mind the great numberof different sizes of matrix fonts employed inlinotype machines as wellas the wide variation prevailing-between the individual matricescomprising each font, it is obvious that the number of symbols whichshould'beproducedin the tape to compose a given-length line of matricesof a particular font is diflicult of ascertainment.

In arr-attempt to solve this problem, ittha been proposed to associatewith the perforating apparatus, for the guidance'of the keyboardoperator, a counting mechanism which will register and indicate thenumberof units represented by the matrices to be released by the symbolsproduced, but the great number" of units which must be reckoned with inthe case of linotype matrices (well above forty-five), as well as thenecessity for variations in adjustment to accord with the numerousmatrix fonts employed, lead into so smany complications as to render thecounting mechanism altogether impractical and 1929, Serial No. 49,240

unreliable. While successful counting mechanisms have been employed inconnection with perforators used for the production .of perforated tapesto-control-the operation of typewriters and type-casting machines, itmust beremembered that the number of units required for these =machinesis comparatively small,

eighteen being about the maximum for typecasting machines and a muchless number for typewriters. Other attempts have been made to solvetheproblem, but so far as applicant is aware none has proved to be entirelysatisfactory.

The present invention. is intended to overcome the foregoing and otherdifficulties and contemplates a simple and thoroughly reliable scheme bywhich the operator may determine with accuracy the exact number ofsymbols which should be made in the perforatedtape to compose ajustifiable line of matrices and spacers of any given length in the caseof any selected'matrix font, so that when the perforated tape is runthrough a linotype machine it can be relied uponto produce a justifledline of type corresponding to the characters represented by'the symbolsproduced in the tape by the perforating machine.

In carrying out the invention, it is proposed to combine with the tapeperforating unit, a composing unit which is equipped with a set of (whatwill be termed for the want of a better name) "indicators varying inthickness to correspond to the matrices and spacers of the linotypemachine which is to be operated by the per-'- forated tape, and tocontrol the operation of both the perforating and composing units from.a common keyboardin such. manner that, as each symbol is produced inthe tape by the actuation of a finger key, there will be simultaneouslyset up in line an indicator corresponding inthickness to the matrix orspacer represented by said symbol, whereby the number of indicators thuscomposed in line will determine the number of symbols produced in thetape, it being understood of course that the length of the line ofindicators is fixed in advance by the proper adjustment of the composingmechanism, just as must be done in composing a line of matrices iii alinotype machine.

In practice, the indicators will preferably be made of the sameidentical thickness as the matrices they are intended, to represent,altho it is obvious that, if desired, they could be made thicker, orthinner, so long as some definite proportion were maintained to theactual thickness of the matrices. The expression "corresponding inthickness" is therefore intended to mean identity of thickness or somedefinite relation in thickness between the indicators and the matrices.

As regards the spacers, these take different forms in linotype machines,some being expansible and known as spacebands, and others being solid ornon-expansible and known as blanks, quads, or spaces. The indicatorsused to represent these different spacers will likewise correspond inthickness to them, altho it may be stated here that the thickness of theindicator for an expansible spacer or spaceband will correspond to thethickness of such spaceband in its unexpanded condition, that is to say,as the spaceband is composed in line and before it expanded to justifythe line.

There will thus be as many different thicknesses of indicators employedin the composing unit as there are different thicknesses of mat-' ricesand spacers employed in the linotype machine which is to be controlledby the perforated tape. In fact, while special blanks or dummy matriceswould answer the purpose equally as well, it is intended to make use ofthe regular linotype matrices and spacers as indicators in the composingunit, except as regards the expansible spacebands for which specialblank matrices will be used to facilitate handling. By doing this, anyof the outstanding matrix fonts may be employed in the composing unit,and no extraexpense need be incurred in reproducing these various fontsin dummy form. Eventually, however, it may be found to be moreadvantageous to make the indicators in special or dummy form, and thisshould be understood as comprised within the invention.

From what has been said above in regard to the thickness of theindicators, it may have been gathered that the" invention alsocontemplates the use of as many different sets of indicators as thereare matrix fonts to be employed in the linotype machine to be governedby the perforated tape. In other words, when the perforator 'is intendedto produce symbols in the tape to control the release of matrices, say,of a 6 pt. font, the composing unit will be equipped with a set ofindicators of corresponding thickness, that is to say, of 6 pt. size.Since it is the intene tion to make use of the regular linotype matricesas indicators, this simply means that the composing unit will beprovided with a 6 pt. matrix font which is a duplicate of the font to beemployed in the linotype machine when operated by the tape. 0n the otherhand, if the symbols are to control the release of matrices, say, of a12 pt. font, then the indicators or matrices used as suchv should be of12 pt. size to correspond.

/vary' in thickness, so that a change of indicators for them would notalways be necessary. As a matter of convenience, however, all theindicators will be placed in the same magazine, and consequently achange of magazine is all that will be requiredto adapt the composingunit to .any selected matrix font.

The composing unit as a whole, except as regards its operation by theperforator keyboard, is modeled along the lines of a linotype machine;

in fact, it may actually be .a complete linotype machine in itself, andin that case the matrices will not only serve as indicators in theperforation of the tape but, in addition, they may be used for thecasting of slugs from which a proof may be printed, if desired. However,in order to simplify the construction and operation of the composingunit and to reduce the cost of manufacture to a minimum, it is made upmerely to enable the indicators to be circulated through the machine inorder that they may be composed in line and then returned immediately totheir places of storage for use over and over again.

To this end, the indicators are stored in columns in a channeledmagazine (there being at least as many columns as there are differentthicknesses of indicators), and they are released from the magazine byescapement devices operated by power-driven cam yokes under the controlof the finger keys which govern the operation of the perforators. Asthey are released from the magazine, the indicators pass onto anassembling belt which delivers them one at a time into an assemblingelevator, wherein they are stacked side by side by a rapidly rotatingstar wheel, which advances them to the left against the opposition of aspring-operated line resistant set to determine the ultimate length ofthe composed line. After the line is composed, the assembler elevator islifted and the line transferred therefrom directly onto a distributingelevator, which carries the line upwardly and delivers it into adistributor box from which the indicators are fed one by one into adistributor which returns them to the particular magazine channels fromwhich they started. As will now be seen, the indicators are handled inpractically the same way as the matrices of a linotype machine, exceptthat they (the indicators) are in the present instance transferreddirectly from the assembling elevator to the distributing elevator,thereby enabling them to complete their circuit through the machine muchmore rapidly than do the matrices of a linotype machine. Besides, theabsence of justifying and casting devices, etc., greatly simplifies themachine and reduces the parts to a minimum.

Perhaps a clearer understanding of the invenon may be had by assuming,as may actually be the case, that the composing unit referred to 18 acomplete linotype machine in itself. Obviously in such a case, theoperator proceeds to set up a line of matrices and spacers just as ifthere were no perforating apparatus attached, and having completed theline sends it on its way to the casting mechanism and proceeds with thecomposition of the next line. As the successive lines are composed,however, the keyboard, due to its joint control of the perforatingapparatus, produces in the tape for each composed line a series ofsymbols representative of that line, both as regards the character andnumber of the matrices and spacers, so that when the perforated tape islater run through a similar linotype machine equipped with the samematrices and spacers and under the same adjustments, it will necessarilyreprodu e th lines as originallycomposed by the operator, This isprecisely what, the present scheme is intended to accomplish, because inthat way the operator will produce in the tape the exact number ofsymbols required to represent a line of any given length and asconstituted by matrices of any selected font.

vention presents a combined perforating and composing machine madeupessentially of three distinct units, viz., a perforating mechanism-acomposing mechanism, and a single keyboard for operating both of saidmechanisms simultaneously. In specific detail, these different units maybe of any well known or approved construction so long as they arecombined in such manner that the composing operations take placesimultaneously with the perforating operations. It will be understoodthat. whatever combination or code system is employed in perforating thetape, it should be followed in operating a linotype machine by the tape,in order that the symbols produced in the tape will be effective tocontrol the release of the corresponding matrices when the tape is runthrough the machine. The code system given herein is substantially thesame as that employed in the socalled Teletypesetter machine of recentdevelopment, so thatno further elaboration seems necessary.

While the present invention is intended primarily to produce a tapeadapted to control the operation of a linotype machine, it should beunderstood that the tape might be used as well to control theoperationof some other kind of composing machine, such for example as amachine which handles type or dies or other typo graphical elements usedfor printing purposes. The reference in the appended claims, therefore,to matrices and spacers is to be understood as referring to such othertypographicalelements rather than .alone to linotype matrices andspacers.

While, also, the invention is herein shownand described as applied to anactual perforating unit, it should be understood that any other form oftape marking apparatus might beemployed instead, and the reference inthe appended claims to a tape perforating apparatus and a perforatedtape is intended to comprehend any form of tape marking apparatus andany the improved the power connectionsfor operating the moving parts ofthe composing unit, the magazine and the assembling mechanism beingindicated by the broken lines;

' Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 3**--3 of Fig. 3,looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation looking from the right in Fig. 1ofthe-completemachine. certain of the parts being broken away to show theinterior construction; :1

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, lookingdownwardly in that figure;

Fig. 6 is a detached plan'view of the clutch devices which control theoperation of the main operating shaft of the composing unit;

Fig. 7 is an end elevation, largely "in vertical section, of thekeyboard 'and the power-operated devices controlled thereby foreife'cting the release of the indicators of the composing unit;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the keyboard and perforating unit, withportions ofthe keyboard 1 broken away to show the interior construction;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view of the electrical contacts acted uponby the finger keys of the keyboard;

. Fig. 10 is a rear elevation of the lockingbars which govern theoperation of the power-oper ated escapement devices, associated with thecomposing unit; i

Fig. 11 is a section taken on the line H--ll of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 10,showing in particular the manner in which the locking bars control theoperation of the escapement devices;

Fig. 13 is a view somewhat similar to Fig. 10,

showing the combination system employed in l6|6 of Fig. 15, looking inthe direction of the arrows;

Fig. 17 is a section taken on the line l'l-ll, of Fig. 15, looking inthe direction of thearrows;

-Fig.'l8 is a plan view of a portion of a tape produced by the machine,the characters represented by the symbols being indicated at the Fig. 19is a diagrammatic view showing'a perforated tape with two series ofsymbols representat-ive of two successive lines of matrices and spacersto be composed by the tape, these composed lines being shown at the topwith the indi-- vidual matrices and spacers connected by leader lines tothe corresponding symbols; and

Fig. 20 is a, diagram showing the electrical connections by,which thekeyboard controls the operation of both the perforating unit and thecomposing unit.

The improved machine comprises three essential elements, namely, a tapeperforating unit A, a composing unit B, and a keyboard C, which elementsmay be modified as desired so long as they are made to cooperate in themanner herein set forth.

The tape T, which maybe carried in a roll T located conveniently uponthe keyboard frame (Fig. 1), enters the perforating unit A- at. theright, where it is guided and sustained between upper and lower guideplates A A These guide plates (Fig. 17) are mounted upon a stand-bracketA rising from one side of a base plate A, and are provided respectivelywith punch dies a, o The die a is countersunk in the lower face of theupper plate A directly above a row of six vertically movable punch rodsA arranged at right angles to the direction in plateA and is intended toproduce in the tape a line of feed perforations t (see Fig. 18) wherebythe tape may be fed positively and in the required manner through theperforating. mechanism A. The punch rods A as will be noted from Fig.15, are divided into two separate groups of three each in order to clearthe perforations t when the rods are thrust upwardly through the tape.

The advance of the tape T is effected by means of a pair of feed rollersA A between which the tape is passed, these rollers being arranged oneabove the other on separate shafts A A former being pivotally connectedto a horizontal rocker arm A loosely mounted on said shaft, and thelatterv being pivotally mounted on a lateral projection of the frontbearing A According to this arrangement, when the arm A is rockedupwardly and downwardly, the ratchet wheel A is operated intermittentlyby the pawl A and the tape T fed step by step by the toothed roller Apast the respective punch rods A A The operation of the rocker arm A" iseffected by a vertical slide bar A to which the arm is connected by alink A through a horizontal member A projecting laterally from said bar.The bar A, as shown in Fig. 15, is fiared at the top and formed with anaperture A in order to permit the passage of the tape therethrough atall times. At its upper end,

adjacent the aperture A the bar A is guided in the top plate A and aboutmidway of its length, it is similarly guided and sustained in arectangular block A spaced below the lower guide plate A and rigidlyconnected theretoby four tie rods A. A spring A seated in the base'plate A beneath the bar A holds the latter resiliently in its raisedposition against the block A through the medium of a stop pin Aprojecting from said bar. The feed punch rod A is also operated by theslide A which, for the purpose, is provided with a horizontally disposedfinger plate A -fastened to the top surface thereof and firmly connectedto said punch rod. It will now be seen that,.as the slide A is moveddownwardly against the tension of the spring A the punch rod A will beforced through the tape and the pawl A caused to ride over one tooth ofthe ratchet-A and drop in behind the next lower or succeeding tooth, theratchet A at such times being locked against retrograde rotation by thedetent'A On the return or upward movement of the slide, however, aseffected by the spring A, the punch rod A is lifted clear of the tapeand the latter advanced one step forward in the manner above described,the pm A banking against the block A to stop the'slide in its raisedposition. A

certain amount of lost motion is allowed between the feed pawl A and itsratchet wheel A to insure the withdrawal of the punch rod A from 'thetape before the latter is advanced. In the present instance, .the slideA is operated by a solenoid A which is supported on a bracket A securedtothe base plate A, and which is energized intermittently from a storagebattery or generator Y .(see diagram, Fig. 20). An operative connection.between the slide A and magnet A is established by means of a. lever Apivoted about midway of its length in a stationary support A and looselyconnected at its opposite ends, respectively,to the core of thesolenoid, and the lower end of the slide.

The perforators or punch rods A are intended to produce in the tape Tperforations t (see Fig. 18) which constitute the symbols hereinbeforereferred to representing the different matrices and spacers used in theslug casting machine to be controlled by the tape. The punch rods A aremounted and guided at their upper ends in the lower guide plate A and attheir lower ends in the block A, the latter being recessed in its lowerface to receive a hardened strip A (Fig. 17), which-serves to sustainthe rods at such level that the upper ends thereof are located in properspaced relation below the tape T. The several rods A are operativelyconnected through horizontally disposed levers A to as many differentmagnets A, which latter are capable of functioning independently of eachother in operating the punch rods to produce the symbols in the tape.The levers A are pivoted to posts A secured to the base plate A and havetheir free ends disposed slightly above and in contacting relation tothe cores or poles of the magnets A, the' latter being arranged in agroup in the manner shown in Fig. 8 upon the base plate A and energizedthrough a separate circuit from the generator Y.

The operation'of the punch rods A is con trolled through the magnets Aby the actuation of the finger keys C of the keyboard C, which latteras, shown in Fig. 8 also includes a special finger key C for actuatingthe feed perforator A through the solenoid A and the connections abovedescribed. The keyboard C, as herein shown (although it need not be), isof the typewriter variety, being provided with the usual spacer key 0and two other special keys 0, C marked respectively U0 and LC, one forthe upper case characters and the other for the lower case characters.Since the perforations t produced in the tape T by the perforating unit.A are intended to be used in operating a linotype machine, the keyboardalso includes two further special keys, marked"El. 1,. and El. 2, forcontrolling respectively the lifting of the assembling elevator after aline has been composed therein, and the restoration of the same to itsoriginal receiving position for the composition of a succeeding line.

The keyboard (see Fig. '7) is preferably insulated from the bed plate 0,to which it is secured, and comprises generally a top plate G a bottomplate C and two side plates C The finger keys C are in the form ofvertically disposed push rods, projecting downwardly through the topplate 0, and provided-with collars or shoulders c, which are heldresiliently engaged with the lower face ofsaid plate under the tensionof light compression springs a surrounding the rods and located directlybeneath keys are released to restore the parts to their normal position.

The keyboard mechanism also includes a vertically disposed rocker plateC (Figs. 4, '7 and 8) hingedly connected at its lower edge to the fixedbottom plate 0'' and extending longitudinally across the keyboard withits front face in contact with the rear ends of the key bars C At theextreme right, the plate C is provided with an integral arm C risingfrom the upper edge thereof outside of the keyboard and connected by apull spring C to the adjacent side plate C The arm C vbanks against anadjustable stop screw 0 and is provided with a terminal point C which isadapted when the rocker plate is swung about its hinged axis, to makeand break an electric contact with a corresponding terminal C connecteddirectly to the generator Y. The terminal C is carried at the lower endof a flat spring metal plate C which is sustained by an angle piece Cscrewed to the top plate of the keyboard, but which is insulatedtherefrom'by a suitable insulation block C When the two terminals arebrought into con tact, a current is transmitted through a series ofintermediate conductor bars C to the punch magnets'A and the feedsolenoid A The conductor bars C (six in number), one for each magnet Aare arranged longitudinally of the keyboard C (from one side to theother) and are mounted in separate grooves C formed in a block ofinsulation C the latter being secured to the bottom plate C and locateddirectly beneath the inclined portions C of the key bars 0 (see Figs. '7and 8). Each conductor bar C is provided with a plurality of contactpins or points c spaced difierent distances apart and projectingslightly above the top surfaces of said bars into the path of one oranother of the key bars C Light compression springs 0 arranged beneaththe pins (Fig. 9) and seated against the bottom of the grooves C holdthe pins resiliently in place. The pins of the respective bars vary innumber but are aligned transversely with the pins of adjacent bars so asto provide a definite predetermined combination of one or morecontactsfor each of the various finger keys. This pin arrangement is clearlyillustrated in Fig. 8, where, for example, the combination for the firstfinger key bearing character I, would comprehend the conductor barsmarked at the right I, 3, "4, 5?; that for the sixth key bearingcharacter 2, the bars 0, I, 2; and that for the tenth key-bearing theabbreviation -El. l the single conductor 4. As a result of the foregoingarrangement, when a finger key is depressed, the inclined portion C ofthe connected key bar 0 is swung into contact with certain ConductorbarsC through the appropriate pins 0 and the rear end of the bar caused torock the plate 0 rearwardly. As the terminal C in the-arm C contactswith theterminal C on the plate C a circuit with the generator Y isclosed and a current transmitted through the key bar C and, conductorbars C to the corresponding magnets. A, which in turn actuatetheparticular punch rods A with which they are connected. Aperforationcombination 'or symbol is thus produced in the tape Trepresentative ofthe'character, borne by the key depressed, which symbol is h 5 adaptedto release .a corresponding matrix'when the tape is run through alinotype machine. The feed solenoid A is also energized at this time bythe contact of the terminals C and C, but through an independent circuit(see the diagram,

I Fig. 20), so that the punching of the'feed perforations is carried onsimultaneously with the punching of the perforation symbols and witheach depression of a finger key. It may also be observed, that there isincluded in this independent circuit a relay Y which is intended, as anelement of safety, to delay the advance of the tape until the punch rodsA have been completely withdrawn therefrom. When the finger key isreleased, the electrical contacts'are instantly broken by the action ofthe springs C and c in restoring the parts to their normal position.

While the symbols thus produced in the tape are capable of releasing thematrices and spacers they represent, the problem to be solved, aspreviously stated, is that of accurately determining the number ofsymbols which should be produced in the tape to represent a composedline of matrices and spacers of a given length. The present invention isintended to meet this situation by combining with the tape perforatingunit A the composing unit B, and by operating the composing unit fromthe keyboard C through intermediate mechanism later to be described,such that, as each symbol is produced in the tape, there is composed inline a typographical element or indicator corresponding in thickness tothe matrix or spacer represented by said symbol. In this way, whateverthe length of the line may be, the required number of symbols producedin the tape will be automatically determinedwhen the composition of theline of typographical elements or indicators is' completed.

Referring now to ,Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the

indicators employed, and as shown in Fig. 2, are similar in form to, andin fact actually may be, linotype matrices, being provided at their fou;corners with the projecting ears :1: and at the top with the v-shapednotch and distributing teeth 3: The indicator shown at the left of Fig.2 represents a character-bearing matrix and is formed in its bottom edgewith the font distinguishing notch x ,.while the indicator shown at theright represents a linotype spacer and is substantially of the same formas the matrix indicator, except that it is provided with a relativelywider font notch :0 so that it may be used in fonts or sets of diiferentsizes. A complete set of these indicators (corresponding in thickness tothe matrices and spacers of the linotype machine to be controlled by theperforated tape). is stored in a channeled magazine B which is equippedwith a series of escapements B for effecting the release of theindicators, one ata time, from their respective magazine channels.

The magazine B, as shown, is disposed in a vertical plane and supportednear its lower-end blocks 0 and at the bottom by corresponding springpressed locking fingers 0, which lattermay be'turned atwill to inactiveposition to re- 1 lease the magazine for removal and replacement by amagazine containing another set of indicators of a different size.

. The escapements B are actuated by a series of vertical reciprocatingreeds B through a corresponding series of horizontal rocking levers B(Fig. 4) pivoted at their rear ends and adapted as the reeds are raised,to engage the escapements and cause the release of the indicators.

The indicators when thus released are directed by the usual channeledfront plate onto an inclined belt B which is driven constantly from ashort fore-and-aft shaft K geared at its rear end to the main driveshaft J. The belt B delivers the indicators, one after another in theorder of their release, into an assembling elevator 3, wherein they arecomposed in line against an upstanding finger B of a springcontrolledresistant slide B This slide B is similar to that used in commerciallinotype machines, being provided with means B adjustable at will, andaccording to the length of the line to be composed, for stopping thefinger B in its movement toward the left when each line is full. Thelength of the composed line may thus be definitely established,irrespective of the number of indicators used to fill the line. C

After composition, the elevator B is raised to position the line betweenthe depending fingers e of a transfer slide E, which carries the linehorizontally to the left through an intermediate guide channel (Figs. 1and 3 and into engagement with a longitudinally ribbed bar I of anelevator F, the latter being associated with a distributingmechanismarranged above the magazine and adapted to restore the composed line ofindicators to their respective magazine channels.

The elevator F (see Fig. 1) is slidably mounted in fixed verticalguide-ways F and is connected by a link F to the free end of a longlever F which latter is pivoted at its opposite end on a bearing stud Fand operable in a vertical plane behind themagazine B, to raise the eleavator to the distributing level, and later return it to its line'receiving level. The.lever F is operation of the composing unit B isautomatically inaugurated when a composed line is transferred from theassembling elevator B the mechanism employed and the connections between the various moving parts being clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Theline transfer slide E is connected by a link E to the lower end of' alever arm E depending from a fore-and-aft rock shaft E the latter beingalso provided with an upright arm E and connected through a short crankarm E to a pull spring E which is anchoredto the framework and tendsconstantly to turn the shaft in a clockwise direction. Normally, theslide E is locked in its receiving position against the' tension of saidspring by a horizontally disposed pawl or trigger E, which is arrangedin the path 'of a toothed plate e carried by the slide and controlled bya thin vertical rod'b projecting upwardly from the assembler elevator B.When the assembler is raised, the rod b lifts the pawl out of engagementwith the slide E, which, when thus released, is moved to the left byaction of the spring E and carries the composed line of indicators intoengagement with the elevator bar 1. The upright arm E, at the same time,is swung to the right and a roller e mounted in the free end thereof iscaused to engage the low portion of a face cam G secured to anintermediate shaft 'G driven by the vertical shaft F through a pair ofbeveled gears G The cam G, as best shown in Fig. 5, is provided with ahinged trip plate G which is held resiliently by a spring g against astop g formed on the cam, and which is provided with a pin or stud gprojecting laterally therefrom into the path of the roller e The plate Gis normally disposed in the path of a vertical slide bar H and isadapted, as each machine cycle is completed, to engage and depress theslide and thus disengage the main drive clutch to stop the machine.

The connections employed for disengaging the main drive clutch (seeFigs. 3, 4 and 6) consist of a clutch leverH mounted for movement in ahorizontal plane upon the fixed bracket H and an intermediate bell-cranklever H arranged in a vertical plane and having its respective arms.

latter being loose on the shaft J but anchored against axial movementand provided with a sprocket wheel J for driving the chain F, beforementioned.

It will now be seen that, when the line transfer slide E is released andthe arm E of the rock shaft E is thrown to the right by action ofthespring E the trip plate G of the cam G will be pushed by the roller eout of engagement with the slide H and through the bellcrank H andclutch lever H will allow the spring J to press the clutch member J intoengagement with its opposing member J The cycle of operation isimmediately started, motion being transmitted through the chain F to the.siliently engaged with its companion J the shaft F and thence throughthe worm gears F- to the intermediate shaft G. As the cam F rotates, thelever F is swung upwardly to carry the elevator F and a line of composedindicators thereon to the distributing level, and the cam G at the sametime, by its engagement with the roller e on the arm E rocks the shaft Ein the opposite or anti-clockwise direction to restore the transferslide to its original posi tion, the pawl E" being cammed upwardly bythe plate e and then allowed to drop into locking position in front ofthe teeth of said plate. .As the cycle of operation continues, thedistributor elevator is lowered and when it reaches its original orreceiving position, the trip plate G is adapted by rotation of the cam Gto depress the slide H and through the connections before described movethe 'clutch member J against the tension of its actuating spring J outof engagement with the loose mem er J Since it is usually advisable inmechanisms of this character to include means for controlling the clutchby hand, the present machine is also provided with a pivoted handle V(Figs. 1 and 4) arranged conveniently at the front and adapted, whenrocked about its axis, to actuate the clutch lever H, through the mediumof a link V, a horizontal lever V and a vertical lever V (see also Fig.6).

The distributing mechanism herein employed is also similar to that ofthe commercial linotype machine, comprising the ordinary ribbeddistributor bar L and the associated set of conveying screws L, thelatter being driven constantly by a belt L from the main drive shaft Jthrough an automatic trip device L This mechanism as shown in Fig.v 1,is sustained by a horizontalbracket L supported upon the side bracketsO, and includes a distributor box L of usual construction and a linetransfer finger L the former being arranged at the receiving end of thedistributor proper and having a lifting finger Z to feed the indicatorsone at a time, to the distributor screws L. The transfer finger L isconnected by a link L to the upper end of a vertically disposed rockinglever L pivoted at its lower end to the main frame and actuated by apull spring L Between its ends, the lever L is provided with a roller Larranged to engage a face cam L secured to the outer end of the shaft G.The cam L is so shaped that, as the shaft is rotated, it will rock thelever L against the tension of the spring L toward the left far enoughto locate the attached transfer finger L clear of the path of thedistributor elevator F (see the dotted lines in Fig. 1). This operation,during each cycle, is timed to take place just before the elevator Freaches the distributor level, so that the finger L will be' properlylocated to strip the matrices from the elevator bar I and push them intothe distributor box as the lever L by the action of the spring L andunder the control of the cam L, is rocked in the'opposite direction. v

The intermediate mechanism provided for operatively connecting thekeyboard C with the composing unit Bfwill now be described. As bestshown in Figs. 7 and 8, this mechanism is carried in a frame P arrangedat the rear of the keyboard and fastened to upright side posts P risingfrom fixed bracket members P of the bed plate 0. The operative elementsthereof consist of a series of vertical slides P mounted and guided inthe frame P and which are formed in.

their rear edges (see Fig! 12) with notches p and at" their extremelower "ends with lugs or shoulders p projecting rearwardly therefrom.

'These slides 1? correspond in number to the escapement actuating reedsB and are arranged below the same with their upper ends in position tocontroL through trip dog's P two rows of 3am yokes P, which are pivotedat their outer ends [and disposed horizontally above a pair of rolls P,the latter being driven constantly bya \belt P from the main drive shaftJ (see Fig. 1). The inner ends of the yokes are located directly Theslides P are raisedby means of springy,

actuated detents P mounted in, the frame F beneath the respectiveslides, and are returned to their lower position against the action ofthe detents by a bar Q common to all of the slides.

and arranged in engagement with the lugs p. The bar Q (see Fig. 10) issuspended from the frame P near the opposite ends thereof by a pair oflinks Q and is movable longitudinally in opposite directions to lock andelease the slides P A pull spring Q connected to the bar bracket R ofthe main frame, holds thebar resiliently in its locking position (shownby the full lines in Fig. 10), and a solenoid Q (Fig. 8) is employed toswing the bar against the tension of said spring to its releasingposition (indicatedby the dotted lines'in Fig. .10). The solenoid Q atthe extreme right and anchored to a fixed Figs. 8 and 10). -Likethe feedsolenoid A, the

solenoid Q is energized every time the rocker.

plate C makes a contact with the terminal 0 and it also is controlled bya separate or independent circuit, preferably through the relay Y (seediagram, Fig. 20).

The operation of the slides P is controlled by a-series of sixhorizontalmain notched locking bars R and a master or auxiliary notched lookingbar S, all of which are slidably mounted in the frame P for a slightlongitudinal movement in opposite directions and are arranged insuperposed spaced relation with their front or notched edges engagedwith the respective notches p of the vertical slides P The lowermost barS is shorter than the bars 1'1. and issustained at its opposite ends bypin and slot connections S which also serve to limit its longitudinalmovement (see Fig. 11). The operation of the bar S is effected by meansof a pair of special slides S, S located respectively adjacent theopposite ends of the bar S and which, in many respects, are similar tothe slides 2 being formed with corresponding notches s and at theirlower ends with lugs s for engagement with the retaining bar Q. Unlikethe slides P however, the special slides S, S are also formed withbeveled cam surfaces s and moreover have no connection whatever with thecam yokesP or the associated reeds B Their only function is to shift thebar S in one direction or the other as they are raised by means ofspring actuated detents s, which are somewhat larger than the detents Pof the slides P so as to be capable of overcoming the frictionalresistance presented by the bar S. The main locking bars R are heldresiliently toward the right,'under the tension of pull springs Ragainst a vertical stop plate R which is secured to the right-hand postP and projects into a recess r formed in each of said bars (Fig. 8). Theshifting of the bars in the opposite directioneis effected by a seriesof magnets R each bar being connected to an individual magnet andoperable thereby independentlyof the other bars. The several magnets(Figs. 4 and 8) are mounted upon and conveniently distributed around asupporting bracket R whichis secured to the fixed bracket R and formedwith lateral extensions R", the

latter being located adjacent the respective magnets and projectingslightly beyond the outer ends thereof. The locking bars R extendthrough openings in both of said brackets and 5 are operativelyconnected to the respective magnets by intermediate plate levers Rhinged to the extensions R" and provided with contact points R alignedwith the magnet cores or poles.

The front edges of the bars R are formed with notches r and interveningteeth or looking portions 1 (see particularly Figs. 13 and 14 Thearrangement of these notches in the respective bars is such that byshifting the bars singly or in groups a slight distance to the left,they will provide a series of releasing combinations, one for each ofthe slides P conception of this particular phase of the invention,reference maybe had to Fig. 13, which shows diagrammatically the lockingbars R in their normal or looking position, the notches 1 o the barsbeing indicated by the shaded portions, and the teeth r being indicated,by the plain or unshaded portions. Taking for example, the slide P forthe lower case e (which is the third slide from the left), this slide isnormally locked against actuation by the second locking bar R from thetop, which isdesignated by the numeral I; hence to release the slide, itis only necessary that this No. l locking bar be moved to the left. Theslide P next to the right, for the lower case t is similarly lockedagainst actuation by a single one of the bars R, namely that designatedNo. 5 and hence is 'released by the movement of that particular bar tothe left. The third slide P for the lower case a, on the other hand, isheld against actuation by two of the locking bars R, namely, thosedesignated Nos. I and 2, so that both of to release the slide. Thecombinations vary in this way for the various slides, each combinationbeing indicated in the chart shown at the top of Fig. 13 by numeralscorresponding to those on the bars R.

Since but six locking bars R are employed to make up the releasingcombinations for the slides P, the highest possible number ofcombinations available would not be great enough to provide a separatecombination for v each of the different characters comprised within thenormal matrix font of a linotype machine (usually 90 or more), and forthis reason some of the releasing combinations are duplicated on ,thebars R. To be specific, the notches r and teeth r formed at the left ofthe bars R, and which control the actuation of the slides P for thelower case characters as last described, are duplicated at the right ofthebars "to control the actuation of the slides P for the correspondingupper case characters. Thus, by again referring to Fig. 13, it will beseen that the releasing combination for the first slide P of theright-hand group, representing the upper case or cap Q, is the same asthat for the lower case q, which latter happensto be the last one of thegroup shown 7 at the left. As a result, when the locking bars designatedI, 2, "3 and 5 are moved to 70 the left to create the particularreleasing combination allotted to these duplicate characters, the slidesfor both would be unlocked and permitted to operate were it not for thepresence of the master locking bar S before referred to. 7 The. same istrue of' all the other upper case For a clearer,

these bars must be moved in unison to the left dicated by the full linesin Fig. 13, the tooth portions 3 at the right will lock the upper caseslides P against actuation, while the notches s at the left will releasethe lower case slides P whereas when the bar is shifted to the left, asindicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 13, the tooth portions 5 at theleft will lock the lower case slides P against actuation,-while thenotches s at'the right will release the upper case slides P In this way,notwithstanding the duplication of the releasing combinations of thelocking bars R, only those of the upper case group or the lower casegroup will be permitted to operate when the locking bars are moved tothe left in the manner before described. In this connection it may benoted that the special slide S at the left, which effects the movementof the bar S toward the right, is released for actuation by the movementof five of the locking bars R, namely, those designated Nos. 2, 3, 4 and5; while the special slide S at the right, which effects the movement ofthe .bar S toward the left, is released for actuation by the movement offour of the locking bars, namely, those designated Nos. Ill), (21" I4!(5,7-

The slides P at the extreme left and right of Fig. 13, representing thespace key and the ruling-out key respectively, have no duplicatereleasing combinations and hence do not come within the compass of themaster locking bar S. The combination for the first-mentioned slide iscreated by the actuation of one locking bar, that numbered 3, and thatfor the secondmentioned slide by the actuation of all six locking bars.

The conductor bars 0 (as shown in the diagram of Fig. and as indicatedby the broken lines in Fig; 7) are connected by separate wires to therespective magnets R so that by the depression of the finger keys, thesemagnets, as in the case of the punch magnets A, are also independentlyenergized from the generator Y, and the operation of .the bars R thusbrought under the control of the keyboard C. Through the variouscombinations provided by the bars R for releasing the individual slidesP and with the aid of the shift bar S, the keyboard C, which is of theordinary typewriter variety with approximately the same number of fingerkeys, is capable of controlling the operation of the reeds B which innumber are approximately double that of the finger keys. The operationof the shift bar S is controlled by the two special finger keys C Cwhich are located respectively in the lower right and left hand cornersof the keyboard; the one at the right being marked- U0, and the one atthe left LC. When the finger key marked UC is depressed, the bar S isshifted to the left by the rising of the slide S to release the uppercase group of slides P whereas, when the key marked LC, is

the opposite direction to release the lower case group.

.is a cap H,, the upper case key p is first depressed, whereby the keybar-C connected therewith is moved into contact with the conductor barsNos. l24-5. By this operation, or when any one of the finger keys isdepressed, except the feedkey C fourseparate circuits with the generatorY are established as the term'inals-C and C are brought into contact,al-

though when the keys are released, the circuits are instantly broken. v

The first circuit (see diagram, Fig. 20). transmits an electric currentfrom the positive main 1 through said conductor bars l2-45 and branchlead wires y to the correspondingly numbered punch magnets A and thenceto the negative main 2. The punch rods A connected to these four magnetsare thus actuated and produce in the tape the firstperforation-combination or symbol marked UC in Fig. 19.

' The second circuit transmits an electric current-from the positivemain y through the same conductor bars and sub-branch wires 3/ to' themagnets Rt numbered .|2--4-5 and thence to the negative main 2:. Thefour locking bars R connected to these magnets are thus shifted to theleft to establish a releasing combination fo the special slide S 1 I Thethird circuit transmits a currentfrom the positive main y through therelay Y and lead 11 to the solenoid Q and thence to the negatitve main2:. As the solenoid Q is energized, the retaining bar Q is swung to theleft (right in Fig.- 10) and frees the afiected slide '8 which, inarising underthe influence of its spring-actuated detent s shiftsthe-bar S to the'left to lock the'group of slides P controlling thelower case characters and to unlock the slides controlling the uppercase characters.

The fourth circuit transmits .a current from the positive main :1;through the relay Y and a branch y of the lead 11 to the feed solenoid Aand thence through the return wire g to the negative main 2. Theoverhead punch A brought into play are the keyboard andperforatingmechanism, it being remembered that the slides S S whichactuate the bar 5, have no connection with the power mechanism 'foroperating the escapement reeds B However, when the key bearing thecharacter H, is next depressed, the same circuits will be established,but at this time the punch magnets A numbered 3-:5, are rendered activethrough the correspondingly numbered conductor bars C and" produce inthe tape the second symbol marked 'H in Fig. 19, the two magnets Rindicated by the same numerals (Fig; 7) beingalso energized at the sameinstant to shift the connected locking bars R toward the left toestablish a releasing combination for the particular slide P affected.After the solenoid Q which is energized each time any finger keyisactuated ,;raises the retaining bar Q clear of the lugs t the affectedslide P is allowed to rise under the influence of its spring detent P totrip the cam yoke associated therewith. As the yoke rises, it lifts theoverlying reed B and thus causes the release from the magazine B of anindicator X, which corresponds in thickness to the matrix H? shown inFig. 19,-the one to be released by the second symbol when the tape isrun through a linotype machine. The indicator, after its release fromthe magazine, passes on to the assembler belt B and thence to the as.-sembler B, where it is arrested in upright composing position againstthe resistant slide finger B7. w-

The next two matrices of the line happen to bear the lowercase character1' and the lower case character 3, respectively. Consequently, a lowercase symbol should be produced in the tape before the finger keysbearing these respective charactersare actuated. The specialfinger key Cmarked L.C., is therefore depressed to shift the bar S to the right and,through the conductor bars numbered |-2--3-4 5, to energize thecorrespondingly numbered magnets A which latter thereupon actuate theconnected punch rods A vto produce in the tape the third symbol markedLC. in Fig. 19.

The finger keys bearing the respective characters i and s are nowactuated successively, the depression of the key bearing the character icausing the punch magnets A numbered 2-3', to be energized to producethe fourth symbol in the tape, and the depression of the key bearingcharacter s causing the punch.-magnets, numbered |-4, to be energized toproduce the fifth symbol in the tape. For these characters, as in thecase of the cap H, indicators of the proper thickness are released fromthe magazine B simultaneously with the punching of the respectivesymbols and composed in line in the assembler B The next element in theline is an expansible space-band, for which a sixth symbol is madein thetape by actuating the space key marked C A spacer indicator X (such asthat shown at the right in Fig. 2) is released from the magazine at thistime through the combination indicated in Fig. 19 and is composed inline with the indicators previously released. Indicators correspondingin thickness to the remaining matrices of the line are releasedsuccessively from the magazine 3 in their proper order, so that when thedelivery slide finger B is arrested in its movement toward the left, thecomposed line of indicators will have been completed and the propernumber of symbols for composing a line of linotype matricescorresponding tothe line shown, have been automatically produced in thetape.

It will be understood that the bar C of the feed key C does not makecontact with the conductor bars C when the key is actuated, but operatesonly the rocker plate C to close the fourth cifrcuitthrough the solenoidA, as before described, and as indicated by the diagram of Fig. 20. Thisarrangement is desirable, since it enables the tape to be fed throughthe perforating unit A while the punch magnets A are inactive and tothus produce a space between certain symbols,'which will provide for thetime redevices for actuating the escapements B of the indicator magazineB It will now be seen that the present machine is well adapted to carryout the objects of the invention, functioning as it does to effect thecomposition of a line of the proper indicators as the symbols areproduced in the tape. In the embodiment herein illustrated theseoperations are performed simultaneously by the use of selectivelycontrolled electrical devices connecting the perforating 'and composingunits with the common keyboard. These electrical devices are only givenby way of illustration, as it is obvious that the controllingconnections might I be efiected in some other way or by the use of someother form" of mechanism, as for example, pneumatically operatedmechanism instead of electrically operated mechanism. It should beunderstood therefore that the invention is not limited to any particularform or embodiment, except insofar as such limitations are specified inthe claims. I

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A perforating machine including, in combination, a tape perforatingmechanism for pro; ducing a series of symbols representative of a lineof characters to be reproduced by the tape,

a composing mechanism for setting up in line a series of typographicalelements, a single keyboard, electrically operated coding means forselecting the typographical elements, other electrically operated codingmeans for selecting the perforators, and common circuits for operativelyconnecting the keyboard to both of said mechanisms;,whereby thetypographical elements are released for composition in line as thesuccessive symbols are produced in the tape.

2. A perforating machine including, in combination, a tape perforatingmechanism for producing a series of symbols representative of a line ofcharacters to be reproduced by the tape, a keyboard, code devices actingin response to the actuation of the keyboard to control the operation ofsaid perforating apparatus, a magazine containing a set of typographicalelements, means controlling the release of said elements from themagazine, a series of power-

